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The COVID-19 epidemic has caused difficulties in continuous treatment for patients with chronic diseases and resulted in nonadherence to treatment and adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the associations of nonadherence to treatment with patient-reported outcomes of psoriasis during the COVID-2019 epidemic.

A cross-sectional study among Chinese patients with psoriasis was conducted through a web-based questionnaire survey during 25 Feb 2020 and 6 Mar 2020. Demographic and clinical data, nonadherence to treatment, and patient-reported outcomes were collected. read more The outcomes included deterioration of the disease condition, perceived stress, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Logistic regression was used to investigate the associations.

A total of 926 questionnaires were collected. A total of 634 (68.5%) reported nonadherence to treatment, and worse adherence was found among patients receiving systemic treatment (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.67; 95% CI 1.40-5.10) and topical treatment (AOR 4.51; 95% CI 2.66-7.65) compared to biological treatment. Nonadherence to treatment (less than two weeks and more than two weeks) wassignificantly associated with deterioration of psoriasis (aOR 2.83 to 5.25), perceived stress (AOR 1.86 to 1.57), and symptoms of anxiety (AOR 1.42 to 1.57) and depression (AORs 1.78). Subgroup analysis by treatment showed consistent results in general.

Nonadherence to treatment was associated with the aggravation of psoriasis conditions, perceived stress, and symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Nonadherence to treatment was associated with the aggravation of psoriasis conditions, perceived stress, and symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Previous studies have shown that curcumin derivatives can improve the fatty degeneration of liver tissue that occurs in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the specific mechanism for that improvement remains unclear. We examined whether the curcumin derivative galangin could reduce the fatty degeneration of liver tissue in mice with NAFLD by inducing autophagy, from the perspective of both prevention and treatment.

C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to a prevention group (given galangin and a HFD simultaneously) or a treatment group (given galangin after being fed an HFD). The prevention group was treated with galangin (100 mg/kg/d) or an equal volume of normal saline (NS) while being fed an HFD. Some mice were treated with an autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine, 3-MA; 30 mg/kg/biwk, i.p.) while being fed an HFD and galangin. HepG2 cells were cultured in DMEM medium containing both free fatty acids and galangin.

Galangin was found to reduce the fatty degeneration of liver tissue induced by eating an HFD at both the prevention and treatment levels, and that effect might be related to an enhancement of hepatocyte autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA blocked the protective effect of galangin on hepatic steatosis. At the cellular level, galangin reduced lipid accumulation and enhanced the level of hepatocyte autophagy.

In vitro and in vivo studies showed that galangin cannot only improve pre-existing hepatic steatosis but also prevent the development of stenosis by promoting hepatocyte autophagy.

In vitro and in vivo studies showed that galangin cannot only improve pre-existing hepatic steatosis but also prevent the development of stenosis by promoting hepatocyte autophagy.

To investigate the effects of different doses of rocuronium on ischemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle induced by tourniquet in patients undergoing elective unilateral total knee arthroplasty.

A total of 90 patients undergoing elective unilateral knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia combined with femoral nerve block were randomly divided into 3 groups normal saline group (group S), rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg group (group L), and rocuronium 1.2 mg/kg group (group H). The primary outcome was the expression of dystrophin in skeletal muscle at 60 min after ischemia. Secondary outcomes included the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in blood at 5 min and 30 min after reperfusion. In addition, thigh girth at 24 h and 48 h after operation, the leaving bed time, the incidence of tourniquet-related hypertension and short-term (3 days after operation) complications (nausea and vomiting, swelling, blister, wound infection) and long-term (3 months after operation) t http//www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1800019221, registered on 2018-10-31).

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote tumor progression; thus, drugs that can modify CAFs need to be identified.

To test the effect of cinnamaldehyde on prostate CAFs, the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay was used to determine their survival. When spleen cells were treated with CAF supernatant, the proliferation of T cells was inhibited as determined by flow cytometry. After cinnamaldehyde treatment, this immunosuppressive function of CAFs was partially reversed. To explore the molecular mechanism, Western blotting and the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were applied, and TLR4-dependent signaling pathway-related protein and mRNA levels were quantified.

Cinnamaldehyde acted on the TLR4-dependent signaling pathway, altering the function of CAFs such that its supernatant no longer inhibited the proliferation of T cells.

These data indicate that cinnamaldehyde can modify the functions of CAFs, which may be helpful for treating tumors. Cinnamaldehyde can suppress CAF T-cell inhibition.

These data indicate that cinnamaldehyde can modify the functions of CAFs, which may be helpful for treating tumors. Cinnamaldehyde can suppress CAF T-cell inhibition.

Legalization of cannabis encourages the development of specific cultivars to treat disease such as neuropathic pain. Because of the large number of cultivars, it is necessary to prioritize extracts before proceeding to clinical trials.

To compare extracts of two unique cannabis cultivars (CT-921, CT-928) for treatment of neuropathic pain induced by constriction of sciatic nerve in mice and to illustrate the use of this animal model to set priority for future trials.

Pain severity was measured by threshold force causing paw withdrawal. Dose-response relationships and time course were determined for intravenously injected extracts of cultivars and vehicle. The doses for allodynia relief were correlated with decreased respiratory rate, temperature and behavioral changes.

Effective analgesic dose for 50 and 95% (ED

and ED

) was 15, and 29 mg/kg for CT-921 and 0.9 and 4.7 for CT-928. At ED

, for both extracts, the duration was 120 min. At ED

, administration of CT-928 significantly decreased respiratory rate while CT-921 did not. CT-928 decreased temperature more than CT-921. CT-928 produced frantic hyperactivity not seen with CT-921. At equivalent analgesic doses, THC was much less in CT-921 than in CT-928 suggesting interactions with components other than THC influenced the analgesia. At equivalent analgesic doses, efficacy-to-adverse effect profile for CT-928 was worse than for CT-921.

Both extracts relieved neuropathic pain; however, CT-921 had a better efficacy-to-adverse effect profile, a rational basis for prioritizing cultivars for future clinical evaluation.

Both extracts relieved neuropathic pain; however, CT-921 had a better efficacy-to-adverse effect profile, a rational basis for prioritizing cultivars for future clinical evaluation.

Diabetic obese patients are susceptible to the development of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension and cardiac dysfunction culminating in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC), which represents a life-threatening health problem with increased rates of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study is to characterize the effects of a new benzofuran

-acylhydrazone compound, LASSBio-2090, on metabolic and cardiovascular alterations in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats presenting DC.

Male non-diabetic lean Zucker rats (ZL) and ZDF rats treated with vehicle (dimethylsulfoxide) or LASSBio-2090 were used in this study. Metabolic parameters, cardiovascular function, left ventricle histology and inflammatory protein expression were analyzed in the experimental groups.

LASSBio-2090 administration in ZDF rats reduced glucose levels to 85.0 ± 1.7 mg/dL (

< 0.05). LASSBio-2090 also lowered the cholesterol and triglyceride levels from 177.8 ± 31.2 to 104.8 ± 5.3 mg/dL and from 123.0 ± 11.4 to 90.9 ± 4.8 mg/dL, respectively, in obese diabetic rats (

< 0.05). LASSBio-2090 normalized plasma insulin, insulin sensitivity and endothelial function in aortas from diabetic animals (

< 0.05). It also enhanced systolic and diastolic left-ventricular function and reverted myocardial remodeling by blocking the threefold elevation of TNF-α levels in hearts from ZDF rats.

LASSBio-2090 alleviates metabolic disturbance and cardiomyopathy in an obese and diabetic rat model, thus representing a novel strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular complications in obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus.

LASSBio-2090 alleviates metabolic disturbance and cardiomyopathy in an obese and diabetic rat model, thus representing a novel strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular complications in obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced brain damage is characterized by cellular, molecular and functional changes. The mechanisms include oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, reduction of neurotrophic factors, insulin resistance, excessive amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition and Tau phosphorylation. Both antidiabetic and neuroprotective effects of the phytoestrogen genistein have been reported. However, the beneficial effect of genistein in brain of the ob/ob mouse model of severe obesity and diabetes remains to be determined.

In this study, female ob/ob mice and lean control mice were fed with either a standard diet or a diet containing genistein (600mg/kg) for a period of 4 weeks. Body weight was monitored weekly. Blood was collected for the measurement of glucose, insulin and common cytokines. Mice brains were isolated for Western immunoblotting analyses.

Treatment with genistein reduced weight gain of ob/ob mice and decreased hyperglycemia compared to ob/ob mice fed the standard diet. The main findings show that genistein treatment increased insulin sensitivity and the expression levels of the neurotrophic factors nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF). In these mice, genistein also reduced Aβ deposition and the level of hyper-phosphorylated Tau protein.

The results of our study indicate the beneficial effects of genistein in the obesediabetic mousebrain, including improving brain insulin signaling, increasing neurotrophic support, and alleviating Alzheimer’s disease-related pathology.

The results of our study indicate the beneficial effects of genistein in the obese diabetic mouse brain, including improving brain insulin signaling, increasing neurotrophic support, and alleviating Alzheimer’s disease-related pathology.

Ginsenoside Rh2, purified from the

root, has been demonstrated to possess anticancer properties against various cancerous cells including colorectal, breast, skin, ovarian, prostate, and liver cancerous cells. However, the poor bioavailability, low stability on gastrointestinal systems, and fast plasma elimination limit further clinical applications of Ginsenoside Rh2 for cancer treatments. In this study, a novel formulation of niosomal Ginsenoside Rh2 was prepared using the thin film hydration technique.

The niosomal formulation contained Span 60 and cholesterol, and cationic lipid DOTAP was evaluated by determining particle size distribution, encapsulation efficiency, the polydispersity index (PDI), and surface morphology. The cytotoxic effects of free Ginsenoside Rh2 and Ginsenoside Rh2-loaded niosomes were determined using the MTT method in the PC3 prostate cancer cell line. For the investigation of the in vitro cellular uptake of Ginsenoside Rh2-loaded niosome, two formulations were prepared the Ginsenoside Rh2-loaded niosomal formula containing 5% DOTAP and the Ginsenoside Rh2-loaded niosomal formula without DOTAP.